As someone new to domestic PV arrays it has opened my eyes to how variable the output can be and the difficulty it must present to network operators to smooth it out. The key must be in storage solutions and lower capacity fossil fuel or nuclear generation.
The Vanadium batteries look interesting, although the efficiency is not great they look intrinsically safer than other chemical storage means. I haven’t seen it but I expect the tanks could be built into the ground, say under parks and playing fields, in dense areas to create neighborhood storage.
